Terapi Afirmasi Positif Pada Klien Dengan Harga Diri Rendah: Studi Kasus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32584/jikj.v5i4.1779Keywords:
afirmasi positif, bullying, harga diri rendah, kekerasan dalam keluarga, studi kasusAbstract
Latar belakang : Seorang mahasiswi mengalami harga diri rendah akibat pengalaman
kekerasan dalam keluarga dan bullying. Studi kasus ini mengambarkan bagaimana kekerasan
dalam keluarga dan bullying memicu harga diri rendah dan pengaruh tindakan keperawatan
afirmasi positif.
Laporan kasus : Seorang mahasiswi melakukan konseling pada praktisi keperawatan jiwa.
Klien sejak kecil sering dibandingkan dengan saudara kandung oleh ibunya karena bentuk
tubuhnya yang kurus dan nilai dari sekolah yang selalu rendah. Selain di rumah klien juga
mengatakan sering diejek karena kurus dan kulitnya berwarna gelap. Pengalaman tersebut
membuat klien merasa tidak percaya diri, merasa berbeda dari orang lain dan takut untuk
berteman. Klien mengatakan pernah memiliki pikiran untuk bunuh diri. Asuhan keperawatan
diberikan pada klien selama lima hari dengan fokus intervensi pemberian terapi afirmasi
positif. Hasil evaluasi dari asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan menunjukkan peningkatan
harga diri, memiliki pikiran positif tentang dirinya, melakukan kemampuan untuk
meningkatkan harga diri sesuai aspek positif yang dimiliki. Hasil pengukuran harga diri
menggunakan Rosenberg self esteem Scale menunjukkan peningkatan dan penurunan dari
hasil pengukuran Self reporting Quetionnaire 29 menunjukkan penurunan.
Kesimpulan : Asuhan keperawatan dengan fokus intervensi terapi afirmasi positif
memegang peranan penting dalam membantu klien dengan masalah keperawatan harga diri
rendah. Asuhan keperawatam selama lima hari dapat meningkatkan harga diri dan mengubah
pikiran negatif.
Kata kunci : afirmasi positif, bullying, harga diri rendah, kekerasan dalam keluarga, , studi
References
Aremu, T. A., John-Akinola, Y. O., & Desmennu, A. T. (2019). Relationship Between
Parenting Styles and Adolescents' Self-Esteem. International quarterly of community
health education, 39(2), 91–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X18811023
Armitage R. (2021). Bullying in children: impact on child health. BMJ paediatrics open, 5(1),
e000939. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000939
Beckmann, N., Beckmann, J. F., & Elliott, J. G. (2009). Self-confidence and performance
goal orientation interactively predict performance in a reasoning test with accuracy
feedback. Learning and Individual Differences, 19(2), 277-282.
Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa
Volume 5 Nomor 4, November 2022
e-ISSN 2621-2978; p-ISSN 2685-9394
https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj
Cleary, S. D., Snead, R., Dietz-Chavez, D., Rivera, I., & Edberg, M. C. (2018). Immigrant
Trauma and Mental Health Outcomes Among Latino Youth. Journal of immigrant and
minority health, 20(5), 1053–1059. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-017-0673-6
El Ayadi, A. M., Barageine, J. K., Miller, S., Byamugisha, J., Nalubwama, H., Obore, S.,
Korn, A., Sukumar, S., Kakaire, O., Mwanje, H., Lester, F., & Turan, J. M. (2020).
Women's experiences of fistula-related stigma in Uganda: a conceptual framework to
inform stigma-reduction interventions. Culture, health & sexuality, 22(3), 352–367.
https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2019.1600721.
Hill, Z., Spiegel, M., & Gennetian, L. A. (2020). Pride-Based Self-Affirmations and
Parenting Programs. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 910.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00910
Hollenbeck, G. P., & Hall, D. T. (2004). Self-confidence and leader performance.
Organizational dynamics, 33(3), 254-269.
Kleitman, S., & Stankov, L. (2007). Self-confidence and metacognitive processes. Learning
and individual differences, 17(2), 161-173.
Kim, D., Yoo, J. H., Park, Y. W., Kim, M., Shin, D. W., & Jeong, B. (2019). Anatomical and
Neurochemical Correlates of Parental Verbal Abuse: A Combined MRS-Diffusion MRI
Study. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 13, 12.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00012
Kowalski, R. M., & Limber, S. P. (2013). Psychological, physical, and academic correlates of
cyberbullying and traditional bullying. The Journal of adolescent health : official
publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 53(1 Suppl), S13–S20.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.018
Mohammadi, F., Rakhshan, M., Molazem, Z., Zareh, N., & Gillespie, M. (2019). Parents'
Perspectives on Family Violence against Children with Autism. Archives of Iranian
medicine, 22(9), 505–510.
Rana, M., Gupta, M., Malhi, P., Grover, S., & Kaur, M. (2020). Prevalence and correlates of
bullying perpetration and victimization among school-going adolescents in Chandigarh,
North India. Indian journal of psychiatry, 62(5), 531–539.
https://doi.org/10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_444_19
Rivers, I., & Noret, N. (2013). Potential suicide ideation and its association with observing
bullying at school. The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society
for Adolescent Medicine, 53(1 Suppl), S32–S36.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.10.279
Seim, A. R., Jozefiak, T., Wichstrøm, L., Lydersen, S., & Kayed, N. S. (2021). Self-esteem in
adolescents with reactive attachment disorder or disinhibited social engagement
Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa
Volume 5 Nomor 4, November 2022
e-ISSN 2621-2978; p-ISSN 2685-9394
https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj
disorder. Child abuse & neglect, 118, 105141.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105141
Silove, D., Austin, P., & Steel, Z. (2007). No refuge from terror: the impact of detention on
the mental health of trauma-affected refugees seeking asylum in Australia.
Transcultural psychiatry, 44(3), 359–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363461507081637
Srivastava, S. K. (2013). To Study the Effect of Academic Achievement on the Level of Self
Confidence. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 8(1).
Stankov, L., & Crawford, J. D. (1997). Self-confidence and performance on tests of cognitive
abilities. Intelligence, 25(2), 93-109.
Steel, Z., Silove, D., Brooks, R., Momartin, S., Alzuhairi, B., & Susljik, I. (2006). Impact of
immigration detention and temporary protection on the mental health of refugees. The
British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 188, 58–64.
https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.104.007864
Szpitalak, M., & Polczyk, R. (2020). Reducing interrogative suggestibility: The role of self-
affirmation and positive feedback. PloS one, 15(7), e0236088.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236088
Teicher, M. H., & Samson, J. A. (2016). Annual Research Review: Enduring neurobiological
effects of childhood abuse and neglect. Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and
allied disciplines, 57(3), 241–266. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12507
TIM Pokja SDKI DPP PPNI (2016). Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia definisi dan
indikator diagnostik edisi 1 cetakan III. Jakarta : DPP PPNI
Wang, Y., Ma, Z., Wilson, A., Hu, Z., Ying, X., Han, M., Cui, Z., & Chen, R. (2021).
Psychopathological symptom network structure in transgender and gender queer youth
reporting parental psychological abuse: a network analysis. BMC medicine, 19(1), 215.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02091-5
Zhang, X., Luo, L., Hu, J., Gao, Z., & Gao, S. (2022). More Exposure to Childhood Trauma
Associates with Reduced Displeasure at Self-Referential Criticism. Journal of child &
adolescent trauma, 15(3), 893–898. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-021-00429-y
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
