Studi Eksplorasi Manajemen Nyeri pada Pasien Post Operasi dengan Ventilasi Mekanik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32584/jpi.v3i3.307Keywords:
jpiAbstract
Nyeri sebagai salah satu respon yang muncul pada pasien post operasi dapat menimbulkan dampak yang tidak adekuat pada pasien seperti penyembuhan luka yang lama, ketidakpuasan pasien, rawat inap yang lebih lama, dan meningkatnya biaya perawatan. Pasien post operasi dengan indikasi perawatan di ruang ICU seringkali mendapatkan bantuan pernafasan dengan ventilasi mekanik karena masih dalam pengaruh obat anestesi atau terjadi distres pernafasan. Pasien dengan ventilasi mekanik rentan terhadap faktor-faktor yang menimbulkan stres, karena pasien tidak dapat menyesuaikan pernafasan dengan ventilasi mekanik. Kondisi post operasi juga dapat menimbulkan reaksi emosional sehingga menyebabkan perubahan secara fisik dan psikologis, serta mencetuskan ketidaknyamanan pada pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengeksplorasi manajemen nyeri pada pasien post operasi dengan ventilasi mekanik di ICU, yang dilakukan pada perawat ICU dengan indepth interview. Tema yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini yaitu : (1) Komponen pengkajian nyeri yang adekuat dilakukan perawat pada pasien post operasi dengan ventilasi mekanik, (2) Tindakan yang dilakukan perawat dalam manajemen nyeri pada pasien post operasi dengan ventilasi mekanik, (3) Evaluasi dan re-evaluasi nyeri yang dilakukan perawat pada pasien post operasi dengan ventilasi mekanik. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan dalam penelitian ini adalah manajemen nyeri pada pasien post operasi dengan ventilasi mekanik dilakukan dengan melakukan pengkajian sesuai dengan standar, intervensi manajemen nyeri lebih dominan dilakukan dengan pemberian terapi farmakologi, evaluasi dan re-evaluasi dilakukan setelah pemberian terapi farmakologi dan non farmakologi.
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Kata kunci: Nyeri; manajemen nyeri; post operasi; ventilasi mekanik, unit perawatan intensif
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Abstract
Explore study pain management in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation. Pain as one of the responses that appears in postoperative patients can cause inadequate effects on patients such as long wound healing, patient dissatisfaction, longer hospitalizations, and increased maintenance costs. Postoperative patients with indications of treatment in the ICU often get respiratory assistance with mechanical ventilation because they are still under the influence of anesthesia or respiratory distress. Patients with mechanical ventilation are susceptible to stressful factors, because patients cannot adjust breathing with mechanical ventilation. Postoperative conditions can also cause emotional reactions that cause physical and psychological changes, and trigger discomfort in patients. The purpose of this study was to explore pain management in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation in the ICU, which was performed on ICU nurses by indepth interview. The themes produced in this study are: (1) Adequate pain assessment components are carried out by nurses in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation, (2) Actions taken by nurses in pain management in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation, (3) Evaluation and re evaluation of pain performed by nurses in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation. The conclusion obtained in this study is pain management in postoperative patients with mechanical ventilation is carried out by conducting studies in accordance with the standards, pain management interventions are more predominantly carried out by pharmacological therapy, evaluation and re-evaluation are carried out after administration of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies.
ÂKeywords: pain; pain management; post operation; mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit
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