Sikap Perawat terhadap Persiapan Kematian pada Pasien Kanker Stadium Lanjut
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32584/jikmb.v3i1.471Keywords:
kanker tahap terminal, perawatan menjelang ajal, sikap perawatAbstract
Pasien kanker stadium lanjut atau tahap terminal secara umum mengalami kesulitan
dalam penyembuhannya dan berakhir dengan kematian. Peran perawat sangat
diperlukan dalam mempersiapkan kematian yang damai bagi pasien dengan kondisi
ini dan keluarganya melalui perawatan menjelang ajal (end-of-life care). Sudut
pandang terhadap kesiapan perawat dalam merawat pasien menjelang ajal dapat
dijelaskan melalui sikapnya. Sikap perawat dapat mempengaruhi emosi dan
perilaku perawat dalam merawat pasien terminal dan keluarganya. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sikap perawat terhadap persiapan kematian pada
pasien kanker stadium lanjut. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif noneksperimental deskriptif survei. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam
penelitian ini adalah total sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 145 orang
responden. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner The Frommelt
Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD). Hasil penelitian ini
menunjukkan 76 orang dari 145 perawat (52,4%) memiliki sikap positif terhadap
persiapan kematian yang damai bagi pasien kanker stadium lanjut. Hasil analisis
lebih lanjut menunjukkan kedua domain sikap perawat mayoritas positif yakni
53,8% perawat memiliki sikap positif terhadap persiapan kematian bagi pasien
kanker tahap terminal dan 57,2% perawat memiliki sikap positif terhadap persiapan
keluarga menghadapi kematian pasien kanker stadium lanjut. Intervensi
keperawatan bagi pasien kanker stadium lanjut menjelang ajal dan keluarga perlu
ditingkatkan. Sangat penting untuk perawat berkomunikasi dengan pasien dan
keluarga mereka dalam membahas tentang masalah akhir kehidupan untuk
meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya dan mempersiapkan kematian yang damai serta
berkualitas.
Patients with advanced cancer are generally difficult to be healed and end up in
death. Nurses' roles are needed in preparing the patient's death through end-of-life
care. The nurses' viewpoint of readiness in caring for a dying patient can be
explained through their attitudes. Nurses' attitudes will affect the nurses' emotions
and actions while conducting end-of-life care for dying patients and their families.
This study aims to determine the nurses' attitudes toward death preparation in
advanced cancer patients at RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. The type of this research
is descriptive quantitative non-experimental. The sampling technique used was total
sampling with a sample of 145 respondents. Data was collected by using The
Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD) questionnaire. The
results showed 76 of 145 nurses (52.4%) had positive attitudes toward death
preparation. The result of the analysis of two domains showed 53.8% of nurses had
positive attitudes toward death preparation in advanced cancer patients and also
57.2% of nurses had positive attitudes toward death preparation in families of
advanced cancer patients. Nurse interventions are still needed to improve
communication with patients and their families in discussing about end-of-life
issues for improving the quality of life and good death.Â
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